Fossils of Australiaest. 2013
Spiny brachiopod
FA-0100 · tap to enlarge

spiny brachiopod

Productida, gen. indet.

Permian293.5–259.5 Ma
Catalogue
FA-0100
Phylum
Brachiopoda
Class
Strophomenata
Order
Productida
Locality
South coast, New South Wales
Unit
not recorded
Age
Permian (Cisuralian–Guadalupian)
293.5–259.5 Ma
Reference
Wikipedia

A productid brachiopod. Productids carried hollow spines rooted in the shell, used to anchor the animal in soft sediment or to prop it clear of the sea floor rather than for defence. The spines break off easily and are usually preserved only as circular scars.

Productids were the dominant brachiopods of the Permian and the most diverse order the phylum ever produced. Almost none survived the end-Permian extinction.

In the Permian of the Sydney Basin the spiny brachiopods are typically Strophalosia, Echinalosia or Terrakea, but distinguishing them needs the shell interior.

Note on the identification

The old site placed this specimen in the class Lingulata, order Siphonotretida. That is a Cambrian to Ordovician group of phosphatic-shelled brachiopods and cannot apply to a Permian shell from the Sydney Basin.